Music in the Jazz free essay sample

Battlement Music in the sasss Music In the sasss reflects cultural and social conditions that surrounded Americans during The Great Depression and Dust Bowl. Music during this time also exhibits a glimpse of hope for America and Its people. Even though this time frame was full of economic strain, music gave hope to Americans. From Jazz and swing music on the radio, to dancing in ballrooms and clubs, music produced a positive motive in one of the toughest times in American History.The most important things to remember about music in this era are, Jazz and swing music, dances of the time, economic factors of music, and finally the social and internal effect on the people. Music during The Great Depression had a great impact on people. Introduction into music standings and the effects of The Great Depression In the early thirties old records were literally burned to survive in the winter. We will write a custom essay sample on Music in the Jazz or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The music Industry is in a complete downhill spiral. From selling over 100 million records per year to 6 million per year. Instead of records, radios and radio programs were sold.Now everyone was able to hear all kinds of music for free, which was more popular with people. Things started to look back up for the music Industry. Jazz music became very popular on the radio. It possessed a symbol of American freedom from the chains of the depression. After the rise of the radio things skyrocketed for jazz bands and record labels. Jazz and Swing Music First and most important is jazz and swing music. It recovered the failing music industry. It was founded by African Americans in the south and was considered dangerous at first. Jazz bands consisted of a band lead and fifteen to twenty instrument players.Jazz music took a hard blow Just like the rest of the music industry did in the early sasss. But in the mid sasss the Swing Era emerged and changed everything including the mind set of the depression people continued to suffer from. Jazz differed from swing in one way, being that swing focused on Jazz arrangements rather than pop tunes. Which enables people to focus on dancing rather than slang which Is discussed later. The fun upbeat melodies of swing and jazz songs set people free. Jazz music brought entertainment to a struggling people. It gave them a break from everyday life.For a moment they could put it all aside and once the night away and be free. (Music in the sasss. ) The known creator of the Swing Era was a trumpeter named Louis Armstrong. He increased importance of solos which in all turned jazz music to swing music. An African American named Duke Longtime is know as the greatest composer of the era. He left thousands of pieces ranging in all genres but mostly in swing and Jazz. Longtime started his career by studying and playing classical music until Jazz caught his attention. At this time America was segregated but when The Duke was playing no one, including whites could look away. He amazed people with what as known as his Jungle style. Dances of the sasss as dance marathons. Couples would compete in competitions against other couples. The main reason people Joined these dance-offs was money. Monetary prizes were often the result of winning. Competitions usually lasted six months because there were so many desperate participants. If the couples knees touch the ground they are automatically disqualified. Joining was usually a result of economic problems. Some who Joined had no idea how to dance. The two most popular dances of the time were The Big Apple and Lindy Hop also now as the Jitterbug.The Big Apple was popularized and invented by African Americans. It was a circle group dance that allowed individuals to shine. It included swing steps combined with square dancing. Daytime Publications says: It was popular during the Depression because of the psychological comfort it gave of strength in numbers. Out of the two dances, the Jitterbug was the most popular. It requires mass strength and agility. It was named The Lindy Hop to start off with because of tribute to Charles Lindbergh historic first solo transatlantic flight in 1927.This dance involved intense acrobatics and gymnastics. The term Jitterbug also means the best dancer because you had to be incredibly skilled to perform it correctly. Musicals After the rise of the music industry, America started to incorporate music into movies. Musicals become popular and prominent in the time period. Hollywood wanted a happy distraction from the depression. Many famous songs came from movie musical, including Were in the Money from the musical Gold Diggers of 1933. The most famous song Somewhere Over the Rainbow from the musical The Wizard of Oz of 1939.One of the most favorites actress and singer was little Shirley Temple. She performed in many musicals during the thirties. The sight of her precious smiling red haired face lifted the hopes and spirits of America. Impact of Music on People From feeling down in the dumps to feeling like youre flying on cloud nine, music changed the lives of countless numbers of people during the sasss. It brought light to their dark depressing lives. Hope rose up from new grounds and people began to look positive towards the future. Music was the drug of the thirties. Struggling people could get through everyday with music.The uprooted American working class, black and white, used these musical forms to hold on to a sense of identity amidst the uncertainty of a changing world. (American Popular Music in the sasss) Conclusion Music played a huge role in The Great Depression. Without knowing anything about the music of the time you would probably think nothing of it. You would think it was Just music, but to them it wasnt Just music. It was a chance to live and be free in a time where everyone was broke and stressed out. Jazz and Swing music had the most effect on people, along with dances that correspond.

book review on Mancur Olsons essays

book review on Mancur Olson's essays Mancur Olson, wrote The Logic of Collective Action Public Goods and The Theory of Groups, throughout the book Olson discusses such topics rationality, group size and group behaviour, public goods, free rider, collective action problem, and selective incentives. Olsons world-renowned book is full of useful knowledge and opinion concerning world politics. After reading this valuable text I feel both enlightened and baffled concurrently. Olsons beliefs in the political system seem to be without the human factor. His theories appear to leave out the complexity of the human psyche. Olson fails to analyze the fact that people may join a political group for such things as social stature, socialization, or just for something to do. In conjuncture with Olsons theories, people join or start groups for specific reasons. Olson states that one purpose for groups and organizations is simply the furtherance of the interests of their members (Olson 5). Groups are usually formed to further an issue or goal, so thus if a group works toward a common interest and is successful in making advancements towards that interest, in theory the members should be pleased. This brings us to the term public or collective goods. A collective good can be construed as a good held by no single person and shared by a group. Olson says, . . . the achievement of any common goal or the satisfaction of any common interest means that a public or collective good has been provided for that group (Olson 15). For example, if the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) lobby for a bill that protects the killing of minks for fur, then that bill has become a collective good for PETA. Collective goods are in essence the achievements made by a group. Olson discusses in his book the theory of pluralism. In Chapter five he defines pluralism as the political philosophy which ...

Rhetoric & Stereotypes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Rhetoric & Stereotypes - Research Paper Example Efforts are being done in many countries to remove the stereotyping of different groups in this society. Stereotyping varies to every class in the society but here in this essay the four types of groups which would be emphasized are Politicians, tattooed persons, feminists and senior citizens. The tattooed individuals in this world are one set of groups which is stereotyped as per a single notion. These individuals usually have tattoos signed up on their body which can either be huge or small. But these individuals are stereotyped as per these tattoos. Usually it is thought that these individuals relate to people who are rockers, punks, brats, criminal or a person who has loose morals. The feminists on the other hand are women who consider themselves equal or superior to men. This set of individual argues for the rights of women in this world. These women are stereotyped on the basis of their behavior i.e. their hatred for the opposite sex. Because of this hatred these women are usua lly labeled as lesbians and chauvinists. Thirdly the politicians are one group of people which can be said to be stereotyped the most. The politicians are one group of people which is thought to be a con group which makes false promises to make up their way to the leading position. Moreover these politicians are known to be a group which excels in cheating and corruption. And lastly senior citizens are a group of individuals who are old and knowledgeable. This group of people is known to be stubborn and inefficient when it comes to completing tasks. These individuals are considered to be weak and not worthy enough to do some work. All these groups mentioned above do not tend to pose the same picture in the society as different stereotypes are developed according to different way of thoughts. The tattooed individuals tend to pose a negative stereotype usually. The feminists can pose both a negative and a positive stereotype. The positive stereotype created by them is related to equal ity which is long deserved by women. Politicians can also pose a negative and positive stereotype. It is dependent on the individual attributes that the politician possesses to make up the stereotype. Politicians are mostly considered as corrupt because of the views of the general population. The honest politicians are being stereotyped because of their corrupt counterparts. This creates a stereotyping image of the politicians in the minds of the general population which is true to a certain extent. And senior citizens can also show both stereotypes. Negative in the sense that these citizens are usually hot headed and do not tend to listen to others. Whereas positive in the sense in which these citizens can provide knowledge in areas of which they know better than the younger individuals of the society. Both the negatives and positive stereotyping of the senior citizens are also true as some of the senior citizens are found to be getting irritated very soon. Some senior citizens on the other hand are cool minded and tend to inform the audience about their past and history. The historic stereotyping of women was based on portraying this gender as weak, shy, beautiful, caring, sensitive and quiet individuals. They were shown as beauty objects with high respect. Most of the pictures used for advertisements were of plain, expressionless faces with graceful but least exposing dressing. Those advertisements were based on the idea that women are objects that must be looked at but not listened to. However,

Week 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Week 5 - Essay Example economies are known to tax her citizens heavily, though the French economy is also known to exhibit high spending when compared to the German economy. A considerable percentage of French industries are nationalized, while most of the major corporations in Germany are privately owned. The two economies also differ when it comes to their trends in growth, for the German economy has been registering steadfast growth over the past twenty years while the French economy has been exhibiting slow and a somewhat declining growth (Gregory et al, 2004). Both Germany and Britain are key players of international trade. Half of Britain’s GDP for example comes from both imports and exports. That notwithstanding, I presume true the fact that international trade is more important to the German economy than it is for Britain. My argument is based on the fact that Germany has overtime ben known as one of the world’s leading exporters, and has continuously maintained surplus trading with her partners (Buell, 2015). Most of Germany’s trade partners are EU members, and analysts hold the opinion that well over a fifth of the German labor market, depend on international trade. Germany majorly exports automobile, chemicals, food products and electrical equipment. At the same time, it imports raw materials and semi-finished products. The overall impact of the European Union on the German economy has been positive, as the Eurozone has made the German economy stronger and highly stable. This is majorly because Germany has registered high economic growth since the EU came into play, with its real gross domestic product standing at in excess of 37 billion Euros annually over the last twenty years (Buell, 2015). At the same time, German exports have become more competitive within the Eurozone than when the country was using its own currency; a fact that has made Germany more dependable within the Eurozone. Nonetheless, events such as frequent bailouts of poor performing economies have

Self Esteem of Students with Specific Learning Difficulties within a Essay

Self Esteem of Students with Specific Learning Difficulties within a Secondary School - Essay Example The examination explores theoretical and practical ideas about self esteem among dyslexic learners and makes conclusions based on data gathered through students self-assessment and standardized beginning and end assessment tests. The investigation demonstrates that there is a correlation between the Wave 3 Literacy Intervention Programme and the increase in self-esteem of special learners with dyslexia. After a 10-week programme, majority of the students obtained an average ratio of 3.1 which is the desired outcome for the project. The value of Wave 3 Literacy Intervention is thereby established, while looking forward to revisions by way of enriching the intervention programme, especially for special learners who have undergone the programme several times. Introduction â€Å"I've learned that people will forget what you said, people will forget what you did, but people will never forget how you made them feel.† Maya Angelou. This quote, for me, sums up the important position t eachers have and the potential influence they have on their students. I may not be a Socrates, Confucius or Jesus, but I do feel I am a great teacher when I can touch hearts and will, in addition to imparting knowledge and skills to prepare a generation of learners for constructive contemporary living. In this present research activity, I become privileged to teach special learners suffering dyslexia. Soon enough, I face the reality that dyslexics find the school an unpredictable battleground in which they are unskilled to exist ( Scott 2004, p. 55). More particularly, Scott notes that ‘for the vast majority of dyslexic children and adults, school has been a place of psychological and often physical torture. Dyslexia is described as a learning disability in children which hinders their ability to read, write, spell and sometimes speak. Manifested to be either mild or severe in children, neurologists perceive that it is â€Å"never too late to improve their language skillsâ₠¬  (Medicine Net 2012, p.1). Many, although not all, of my specific learning difficulty students come to me burdened with self esteem issues, feeling that they have already failed too many times and fearful that they are about to fail again. While empathy fills me with their suffering, I do not see this condition to be insurmountable, given my awareness of modern approaches to student learning and maturation. At school, failure in literacy has huge knock-on effects for the whole academic curriculum and with all subjects. Failing to read and write is a very public failure (Scott, 2004). Any student with limited proficiency in English including specific disabilities related to literacy runs the risk of being left behind by his or her peers. This brief investigation into the effectiveness of Wave 3 interventions and their potential in raising the self esteem of students is borne not only out of my university studies but a genuine interest in dyslexic students, their need to be heard a nd how I can best serve them through my practice. It is obvious to me that a student’s self esteem has a direct impact on their learning. Educators define learning as â€Å"a long term change in mental representations or associations as a result of experience† (Omrod 2000, p. 10). As a school teacher I can provide that learning

Cambridge Analytica Data Scandal: Quality Management

Cambridge Analytica Data Scandal: Quality Management Executive Summary This report is prepared to study the issue Facebook recently faces. It is in news because of the Cambridge Analytica data scandal in which the personal information of Facebook users have been improperly shared with Cambridge Analytica – a data mining and political strategy firm. When the scandal exposed the CEO and Chairman of Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg had to apologize publically for the data breach and said that it was a mistake made by Facebook for not designing a process to restrict third party developers to work on Facebook API. He also pledged to make changes in the design and reform the privacy policy. This study gives an understanding of loopholes in Facebook’s quality management system and how it could have been prevented if they have followed the theories of quality management gurus. By understanding different theories described by these gurus, a strong quality management system can be placed from the design stage itself. It also states that customer loyalty is a very important value which can be gained by continuous improvement in quality management system. A poor system result in loss of company reputation, customers and monetary value. 1.0 Introduction Facebook is an American social media company providing social networking services to people around the world. It was founded in 2004. Mark Zuckerberg is the Chairman and CEO of the company. It has more than 2.2 billion active users. People use Facebook to stay connected to their friends and family and to share and express their views. 2.0 Issue of data breach Recently Facebook’s data privacy scandal came into limelight where Facebook members’ data were improperly shared with Cambridge Analytica, a data mining and political strategy firm.   These data were accessed during Donald Trump’s presidential campaign. Cambridge Analytica accessed the data for more than 2 years. This is the biggest public relation crisis Facebook has faced. In April 2010, Facebook launched a platform called Open Graph to third party apps. This allowed the external developers to reach out to Facebook users and request permission to access their personal data  (CNBC, 2018). In the year 2013, Cambridge University’s researcher named Aleksandr Kogan created an App called â€Å"thisisyourdigitallife†.   The app prompted users to answer questions for a psychological profile. About 270,000 people downloaded the ‘app’ and shared their personal information. This gave Aleksandr Kogan to access data of not only Facebook users but also of the users’ friends. These information were shared with Cambridge Analytica and used to know about the personality of the people and to effectively target political advertising on people. Cambridge Analytica obtained the information in total violation of Facebook’s rule and didn’t tell anybody that the data will be used for political campaigning.   (Casey, 2018) In the same year Facebook was made aware about this violation of accessing data of not only who installed this app but also of their friends. Facebook demanded Cambridge Analytica to delete all the data and they agreed to delete all the data. Aleksandr Kogan in reality never deleted the data and later on Facebook never investigated whether they have deleted the data as promised (Casey, 2018). In 2014 Facebook changed their rules for external developers and restricted them from accessing user’s friends’ data without taking permission from them. With the approaching 2016 Presidential elections, Cambridge Analytica did not have time to create its own data for election campaign. It went to Aleksandr Kogan who created Facebook app that paid users to take a personality test  (The Guardian, 2018). In the year 2016 â€Å"The Guardian† reported that Cambridge Analytica is helping Ted Cruz’s presidential election by sharing psychological data based on their previous research. Facebook waited for more than two years before suspending Cambridge Analytica even after knowing about the data breach.    In mid March 2018, this scandal was exposed by The Guardian and The New York Times. Facebook admitted that it did not read the terms of the app that accessed the data of 87 million people and apologised for the â€Å"breach of trust†.   Facebook’s CTO Mike Schroepfer told U.K. lawmakers that Facebook did not notify the U.K.s data protection watchdog after it learned of the sharing of data with Cambridge Analytica and it was their mistake. (Ryan, 2018). According to U.K.’s data protection law, sale or use of personal data without user’s consent is banned. In 2011, after Federal Trade Commission complaint, Facebook agreed to get clear consent from the users before sharing their data. The FTC now started investing whether Facebook violated privacy protection of their users. The U.S.A. and U.K. lawmakers are investing in their own way. Mark Zuckerberg apologized on behalf of Facebook by publishing a personal letter in all major newspapers and make changes and reform the privacy policy to prevent such kind of breaches. By doing this Facebook has breached the trust of users and privacy policy law.   A customer or user shares information with a company trusting that personal details are safe. A company’s name and reputation makes people to trust on them.   Quality of the brand is very important in building and growing a company. Facebook is a very well know networking site and it has monopoly in the market. People joined Facebook and disclosed their personal details knowing that whatever information they share about themselves and their friends will be confidential and will not be disclosed anywhere outside without their consent. 3.0 Referring to statements made by Quality management Gurus It is very important for a company to have a well defined quality management system in place. For a company like Facebook, where the personal data of people are at risk, there is a continuous risk of hijacking the data for misuse. How a good quality management system can be placed, has been described by many Quality management gurus. Mentioned below are some of the points stated by these gurus: According to quality management guru W. Edwards Deming there are seven deadly diseases that are described as barriers in understanding the basic quality management system statistical principals. One of the diseases says that – A company runs on visible figures only. Deming argued that apart from the visible figures there are many costs and figures that are not know and cannot be calculated.   Customer loyalties gained as a result of continuous quality improvement are the numbers that are unknowable and management has to consider this  (Deming, 2012). It is also very important to gain confidence of the customers by building trust. In case of Facebook data breach scandal, it was very important for the company to monitor and improve the system. Once Aleksandr Kogan accessed the data of the Facebook users and their friends, it was important for Mark Zuckerberg to monitor and improve the system putting a barrier for third party developers to access data. This would have resulted in maintaining the confidentiality of the users’ data. Based on the quality management guru J M Juran’s trilogy, it is very important to plan, improve and control quality. Quality Planning A proper quality plan should be in place. This involves creating a process that will be able to meet the goals .Once the process is in place it will not be difficult to respond to customer needs. Quality Improvement It is important to continuously improve the quality and run the process with optimal effectiveness. Quality Control – To control and maintain good quality it is important to create a process that required minimal monitoring. This will help in running the operations in accordance with quality plan (Juran, 1986). Facebook should have created a process to maintain the privacy of their users’ information. This process should have barred the third party developers to run their app in Facebook API. Quality guru Genichi Taguchi emphasized on improving the quality of the product and process at the design stage rather than achieving quality through inspection. Taguchi also developed a concept of quality loss and worked on it rather than just quality.   He defined quality loss as loss to the company cost such a reworking on design, scrapping and maintenance and also loss to customer through poor product or service and low reliability. (Taguchi, n.d) After the scandal exposed, Facebook has faced huge loss in terms of its reputation, breaking customers’ trust and monetary value. Many users deleted their Facebook   Ã‚   account feeling that their personal information are not secured and can be misused by the company.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   4.0 Conclusion It is very important for a company to develop a quality system at its designing stage and to control and improve the quality system with minimal inspection requirement. It is also important to know and understand the unknown costs and figures like customer loyalty that can be gained by continuously improving quality. A proper system should be in place with zero defects. A poor quality management system will result in loss of reputation, customers and monetary value. 5.0 References: (2018, March). Retrieved from The Guardian: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/mar/19/facebook-data-cambridge-analytica-privacy-breach (2018, April). Retrieved from CNBC: https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/10/facebook-cambridge-analytica-a-timeline-of-the-data-hijacking-scandal.html Casey, N. (2018, April). Retrieved from https://www.theverge.com/2018/4/10/17165130/facebook-cambridge-analytica-scandal Deming, E. (2012, Janauary). Retrieved from https://www.qualitymag.com/articles/88324-quality-management-2-0-deming-s-7-deadly-diseases-of-management Juran, J. (1986, May). Retrieved from The Quality Trilogy: http://app.ihi.org/FacultyDocuments/Events/Event-2930/Presentation-16071/Document-12762/Tools_Resource_C7_Juran_trilogy1.pdf Ryan, B. (2018, April). Retrieved from CNBC: https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/26/facebook-cto-admits-firm-didnt-read-terms-of-aleksandr-kogans-app.html Taguchi, G. (n.d). Retrieved from British Library: https://www.bl.uk/people/genichi-taguchi

Privacy Concerns Essay -- Technology, DNA Databases

Privacy Concerns Most studies have shown that popular opinion holds that without a doubt national DNA databases have proved useful in criminal investigations (Wallace, 2006, pS27). The concept of a national DNA database has raised concern about privacy and human rights as seen through the scope of public safety. All of these concerns are elevated with databases include convicted, arrestee, innocent, and â€Å"rehabilitated† offenders (Suter, 2010, p339). Robin Williams of University of Duham (2006) asserts that: â€Å"The rapid implementation and continuing expansion of forensic DNA databases around the world has been supported by claims about their effectiveness in criminal investigations and challenged by assertions of the resulting intrusiveness into individual privacy† (p545). To determine the balance between privacy and public safety legislation must address many questions including (but not limited to): when is a sample required to be obtained and by whom, is consent required, is force ever acceptable to obtain a sample, and which samples should be retained? Dr Katina Michael has reported that some instances that constitute acceptable DNA sample collection and storage (Table 4). The United States, England and Wales contain legislation that authorizes the collection of DNA from individuals arrested for violations of certain federal criminal laws and inclusion into the national DNA database of all profiles. Primary concerns focus these legal authorizations address privacy of a person and legal search and seizures of biological samples. For many countries like the United States there is a need to enact special legislation which led to delays in the implementation of DNA databases (Goodwin, et al., 2007, p102). In the United Sta... ...data from law enforcement databases† for those who receive acquittals or whose convictions are overturned; there is no reference to physical DNA samples (Lwin, 2010, p21). Historically, legislative proposals purpose indefinite retention of evidentiary DNA samples, however the US, unlike England and Wales, does not refer to retention periods for genetic information post sentence completion. Individuals may find concern for personal genetic identifiers if the physical sample is retained post sentence completion, acquittal or if found innocent (Congressional Research Service, 2010, pp13-14; Beiber, 2002, p14). Studies assert the method of sample collection, accreditation of agencies collecting samples, legislative limits on retention periods for biometric information and a focus on balancing privacy and crime deterrence will structure a successful DNA database model.